Define the term 'informed consent' in nursing practice.

Informed consent in nursing practice refers to a patient's agreement to undergo a specific medical procedure or treatment after being thoroughly informed about the nature of the procedure, the risks and benefits involved, and any alternatives available. This process ensures that the patient has the opportunity to ask questions and fully understand what they are consenting to, thereby enabling them to make an educated choice regarding their care.

Informed consent is not simply about signing a document; it emphasizes the patient's right to autonomy and the importance of clear communication between the healthcare provider and the patient. This ensures that patients can make decisions that align with their personal values and preferences regarding their health.

Other options present different concepts but do not accurately define informed consent. For instance, authorization by a nurse for procedures is not valid, as nurses do not provide consent; consent must come from the patient or their legal representative. Consent from a family member relates to specific circumstances, such as when a patient is unable to provide consent themselves but does not cover the general principle of informed consent. Lastly, general agreement to receive any treatment lacks the critical component of being informed about the specific risks and benefits, which is essential for true informed consent.